Remitted Employment Tribunal · 10 May 2023

British editor working from Indonesia: tribunal says it can hear her claim

A British citizen who worked remotely from Indonesia for a UK company has won a preliminary ruling that the employment tribunal has territorial jurisdiction over her unfair dismissal and discrimination claims.

2 min read · Last updated 18 May 2026

Case details

Key facts

  • The claimant is a British citizen who worked from home in Indonesia for a British company.
  • The claimant's contract stated that English law governs and English courts have exclusive jurisdiction.
  • The claimant did not pay tax in the UK or Indonesia.
  • The respondent is a British company incorporated in 2017 with an address in Oxfordshire.
  • The claimant's work involved editing an online magazine with a worldwide audience.

Timeline

  1. Employment commenced

    The claimant started working for the respondent as a consultant/editor.

  2. Early conciliation started

    The claimant began early conciliation with ACAS.

  3. Early conciliation ended

    The early conciliation period ended.

  4. Claim issued

    The claimant issued her claim to the employment tribunal.

  5. Employment ended

    The claimant's employment with the respondent ended.

  6. Preliminary hearing before EJ Hawksworth

    Orders were made for witness statements on territorial jurisdiction and employment status.

  7. Preliminary hearing on jurisdiction and status

    Employment Judge Gumbiti-Zimuto heard the preliminary issues.

  8. Judgment on territorial jurisdiction

    The tribunal found it had territorial jurisdiction to hear the claims.

The outcome

The tribunal decided that it has territorial jurisdiction to hear the claimant's complaints of unfair dismissal and discrimination.

The key reason was that the claimant's employment relationship had a much stronger connection with Great Britain and British employment law than with any other system of law. Factors included: the respondent is a British company, the contract was governed by English law and subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of English courts, and the claimant was a British citizen.

No compensation was awarded at this stage, as the hearing was only on jurisdiction. The question of whether the claimant was an employee (as opposed to a worker or consultant) was not decided and will be heard later.

Lessons & takeaways

  • If you are a British citizen working abroad for a UK company, you may still be able to bring an unfair dismissal or discrimination claim in an employment tribunal if the connection with Great Britain is strong enough.
  • A contract that states it is governed by English law and subject to English courts is a significant factor in establishing territorial jurisdiction.
  • Working wholly outside the UK does not automatically bar you from UK employment rights – the tribunal will assess the overall connection to Great Britain.
  • Be prepared to provide evidence on your employment status (employee vs worker) as well as jurisdiction, as these are often decided separately.

What this case shows in practice

This case highlights how the employment tribunal can extend its reach to protect British employees working remotely from overseas. The claimant, a British citizen, worked from her home in Indonesia as an editor for a UK-based online magazine. When her employment ended, she brought claims for unfair dismissal and discrimination. The company argued that because she lived and worked entirely outside the UK, the tribunal had no jurisdiction to hear her case.

The tribunal disagreed. It found that the claimant's connection with Great Britain was sufficiently strong: she was a British citizen, her employer was a British company, and her contract expressly stated that English law governed and English courts had exclusive jurisdiction. Even though she did not fit the typical 'expatriate' categories (such as being posted abroad by a British employer), the overall circumstances meant Parliament would have intended the Employment Rights Act and Equality Act to apply.

What the losing side could have done differently

The respondent could have avoided this preliminary battle by recognising that a contract choosing English law and jurisdiction creates a strong presumption that UK employment rights apply. If the company wanted to limit its exposure to UK claims, it should have chosen a different governing law and jurisdiction – though that might not be possible if the employee is British and the work is for a UK audience. The tribunal also noted that the respondent had not fully engaged with the claimant's evidence on employment status, which may have weakened its position.

Why the result matters for similar claims

This ruling is significant for the growing number of people who work remotely for UK companies from abroad. It confirms that territorial jurisdiction is not automatically lost just because an employee is physically outside the UK. The key factors are: the employer's location, the governing law of the contract, the employee's nationality, and the overall connection to Great Britain. However, each case will turn on its own facts, and the tribunal still needs to decide whether the claimant was actually an 'employee' – a separate issue that was not resolved here. For now, the claimant can proceed with her substantive claims, and the case serves as a reminder that UK employment rights can follow you overseas if the ties to Britain are strong enough.

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